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IIR document
Thermodynamic analysis of regenerated air-cycle refrigeration in high and low pressure configuration.
Vapor pressure measurement of liquid dessicants at low temperatures by a novel technique.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Experimental study of the vaporization of water drops impacting a heated wall under conditions of low pressure.
Investigations of low pressure two-phase steam-water injector.
Experimental study on frost formation on a cold surface in low atmospheric pressure.
Adsorption mechanisms of alcoholic additives in water at low pressure – An experimental study.
Low-pressure liquid CO2 terminal – a model study of the loading of a liquid CO2 tanker.
Adsorption mechanisms of alcoholic additives in water at low pressure: an experimental study.
CFD analysis of low pressure screw compressor: using two refrigerants (HFO 1234yf and R123).
CFD analysis of twin screw compressor (HVAC): using low pressure refrigerants (HFO 1234yf and R407C).
Experimental investigation of a two-phase ejector cycle suitable for use with low-pressure refrigerants R134a and R1234yf.
A model-based design approach for low-pressure axial fan blades considering the air flow system characteristics.
Water boiling at low pressure: dynamics of growth and bursting of bubbles in a plate-type evaporator.
Coupling-fluid heated bubble pump generators for low-temperature fully thermally activated single pressure absorption systems.
Pressure drops in small-diameter tube U-bends for heat exchangers used for low-temperature ammonia refrigeration applications.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
35 results
IIR Rankine Conference 2020: Which alternative working fluids for ORC systems?
HFOs (hydrofluoroolefins), HCFOs (hydrochlorofluoroolefins) and hydrocarbons were the main alternatives to HFC245fa presented during the IIR Rankine Conference 2020.
Ultra-low temperature systems ready for COVID-19 vaccine storage
Mirai Intex, corporate member of the IIR, is positioning its ultra-low-temperature (ULT) systems to serve as the refrigeration technology for the storage of COVID-19 vaccines and the freeze-drying of the...
ICR2019: overview of current refrigeration research topics (part IV)
Energy storage, desiccant air conditioning, high-temperature heat pumps and ejector technologies were some of the salient topics of the latest IIR Congress. Continuation of the synthesis of key presentations of ICR2019.
Alternatives to replace R404A for refrigerated transport
With about 5 million refrigerated vehicles operating worldwide, there is active research and development focusing on identifying alternatives to R404A, which is traditionally used in truck and trailer...
Latest research on ammonia-based absorption refrigeration systems
A recent article has reviewed literature on absorption chillers that use ammonia as a refrigerant, along with water (H2O), lithium nitrate (LiNO3), and lithium nitrate + water...
Reducing the environmental impact of ultra-low temperature refrigeration systems
Ultra-low temperature (ULT) refrigeration systems often use very high-GWP HFCs. Yet, ULT systems are excluded from the scope of the regulations aimed at phasing-down HFCs. An IJR paper reviews the most promising...
MIRAI Intex, new corporate member of the IIR!
Presentation of MIRAI Intex and its flagship product: MIRAI COLD 15.
Cryogenics 2021 highlights: applications of liquid nitrogen
Cryopreservation of biological materials to favour biodiversity and cooling of superconducting cables to allow transmission of electrical energy with zero resistance are key applications of liquid...
IIR GL2020 conference: Range of CO2 applications
Almost half of the presentations at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen conference in Kyoto focused on CO2, in commercial refrigeration systems but also in many other applications. Overview of these...
Pressure exchanger enhances efficiency of CO2 refrigeration systems
A new pressure exchanger technology, adapted from the desalination industry, offers significant energy efficiency improvements for CO2 refrigeration systems, addressing challenges of high energy...
Temperature control and sustainability, the challenges of 3D meat printing
Temperature control is a key factor that still limits the application of 3D printing in the meat industry, according to recent scientific publications.
An ejector refrigeration system optimised for sub-zero temperatures on fishing vessels
Large amounts of diesel fuel are used to power fishing vessels engines and on-board refrigeration systems. In a recent theoretical study, an energy-efficient sub-zero refrigeration system proposed based on a...
IIR Cryogenics 2023 conference: perspectives of cryogenic technologies for 2030
Overview of future technological advances in cryogenics: liquid hydrogen electric aircrafts, cryofuels, hydrogen chemical energy conversion, fuel cells for energy storage, cryogenic rocket engine, quantum and...
Producing ammonia using less energy
Scientists at the Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed an improved catalyst facilitating the synthesis of ammonia at merely 50°C (when conventional techniques require temperatures of 450°C).
Vapour compression refrigeration for space applications
An IJR review paper presents the history of vapour-compression refrigeration systems used in microgravity environments and sets the next steps of research needed to achieve reliable...
IIR news
8 results
Member news: Mirai Intex releases new high capacity ultra-low temperature refrigeration system
Mirai Intex, corporate member of the IIR, has released a new ultra-low temperature (ULT) system based on air-cycle technology, offering high cooling capacity.
Member news: Mirai Intex ultra-low temperature refrigeration system at the ACHEMA trade show in Germany
Mirai Intex, corporate member of the IIR, will present its MC 15 C/W/T closed-cycle refrigeration machine at the ACHEMA trade show in August 2022 in Germany.
REAL Alternatives: blended Learning for Alternative Refrigerants
Last week the REAL Alternatives Europe programme partners met at IIR head offices to elaborate plans to translate the e-learning project into more languages.
Press release: An impressive 1,000 abstracts received for the 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration
First held in 1908, the International Congress of Refrigeration presented by the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is now the world’s leading event for research and industry in the HVACR sector, cryogenics included.
IC2015 Workshops: An opportunity to join, share and build together
ICR2015: A chance to actively participate in the innovation of refrigeration.
Interview: Director General of the IIR gives an overview of the trends of the refrigeration sector
In the 2018-2019 international special issue of the Industria & Formazione magazine, Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration, Didier Coulomb, gives an overview of the impact of the refrigeration sector on climate...
What do refrigeration, air conditioning and social media have in common? A lot!
In 2014, an awareness raising social media campaign by Stephen Gill praising the too often overlooked virtues and benefits of refrigeration caused quite a stir, going viral.
Another successful IIR Gustav Lorentzen conference 2016
Dedicated to natural refrigerants, mainly ammonia, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons, Gustav Lorentzen 2016 was a great success attracting over 270 people and more than 145 papers from leading international researchers and industrialists.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
10 results
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
